Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), to compare the difference between IC/BPS and overactive bladder (OAB) pain syndrome, and to explore the related factors affecting the quality of life of IC/BPS patients.
Methods: The demographic data of female outpatients with IC/BPS in Beijing Hospital and other medical centers in China were collected. The quality of life of the patients was investigated by multi-angle questionnaires and compared with the data of OAB patients. According to the influence degree of quality of life, the patients with IC/BPS were divided into mild-moderate group and severe group.
Results: In this study, 109 patients with IC/BPS were included. The average age was (46.4±14.3) years and the average course of disease was (39.4±51.6) months. Compared with the OAB patients, the patients in IC/BPS group had a longer average course of disease (P=0.008), a lower proportion of the patients of first visit for the disease (P < 0.001), a higher score of the American Urological Association symptom index (AUA-SI) (P < 0.001), a lower body mass index (BMI) ratio (P=0.016), and a lower incidence of constipation (P=0.006). IC/BPS had the greatest impact on family life, followed by social activity. The score of IC/BPS related symptoms on family life was significantly higher than that of the OAB group (P=0.003). The top three symptoms of the IC/BPS patients were pain (45%), frequency (28%) and urgency (17%). The score of quality of life in the IC/BPS patients was significantly higher than that in the OAB patients (P < 0.001). Caffeine intake (P=0.034) and constipation (P=0.003) might be the factors influencing the quality of life of the patients with IC/BPS.
Conclusion: IC/BPS has a great influence on the quality of life of patients. Caffeine intake and constipation may be related factors affecting the quality of life of patients with IC/BPS. Urologists should recommend changes in diet and lifestyle to reduce symptoms and improve the patients' quality of life.
目的: 评估间质性膀胱炎/膀胱疼痛综合征(interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome，IC/BPS)患者的生活质量，比较其与膀胱过度活动(overactive bladder，OAB)患者之间的差异，探索影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。
方法: 收集就诊于北京医院等全国多家医学中心门诊的女性IC/BPS患者人口学资料，对患者的生活质量进行多角度问卷调查并与OAB患者资料进行对比。根据生活质量影响程度，将IC/BPS患者分为轻-中度组与重度组，分析影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。
结果: 共纳入109例IC/BPS患者，平均年龄(46.4±14.3)岁，平均病程(39.4±51.6)个月。与OAB患者相比，IC/BPS组患者的平均病程较长(P=0.008)，初次因本疾病就诊的患者比例较低(P < 0.001)，美国泌尿协会症状指数(American Urological Association symptom index, AUA-SI)评分较高(P < 0.001)，体重指数(body mass index，BMI)较低(P=0.016)，便秘发生率较低(P=0.006)。IC/BPS对患者家庭生活方面的影响最大，其次为出行社交。IC/BPS相关症状对患者家庭生活的影响程度评分显著高于OAB组(P=0.003)，困扰IC/BPS患者的症状前三位分别是疼痛(45%)、尿频(28%)、尿急(17%)，IC/BPS患者储尿期症状对生活质量影响的评分显著高于OAB患者(P < 0.001)，咖啡因摄入(P=0.034)、便秘(P=0.003)可能是影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。
结论: IC/BPS对患者的生活质量影响较大，咖啡因摄入、便秘可能是影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。泌尿科医生可以建议患者通过改变饮食和生活方式以减轻症状，提高患者的生活质量。
Keywords: Interstitial cystitis; Quality of life; Risk factors; Urinary bladder, overactive.