An evaluation of the psychological impact of COVID-19 and the precautionary measure of social isolation on adults in the Asir region, Saudi Arabia

Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Nov;75(11):e14756. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14756. Epub 2021 Sep 14.

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak is worrying for people and society. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the precautionary measure of social isolation on adults in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was carried out in the Asir region for a period of 5 months from May 2020 to September 2020 to assess the psychological response of the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic using an anonymous online questionnaire. The questionnaire was adapted from previous research and involved three sections, namely sociodemographic data, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7 Scale). A total score of ≥10 indicates depression and anxiety. Data were analysed using SPSS V.25.

Results: Females had higher rates of COVID-19 depression than males. There was a significant correlation between age and home setting and anxiety, and a significant association between marital status and the level of education and depression. There was a significant association between gender and depression and anxiety, while there was no significant association between occupation and income, and depression and anxiety.

Conclusion: The findings of the study clearly show that depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among adults. Females had higher rates of COVID-19 depression and anxiety than males. The findings from this study show that implementing a strategy for the prevention and management of depression and anxiety is highly recommended to minimise the impact of these disorders.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • COVID-19*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pandemics*
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Saudi Arabia / epidemiology
  • Social Isolation