Identity-based hate and violence as trauma: Current research, clinical implications, and advocacy in a globally connected world

J Trauma Stress. 2022 Apr;35(2):349-361. doi: 10.1002/jts.22748. Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Abstract

Hate-based violence is increasingly recognized as an urgent social justice and human rights issue that is pervasive across geographical and socioeconomic boundaries. There is a growing body of research that demonstrates the traumatic impact of hate-based violence on the victim's mental and physical health. This review focuses on examining scientific knowledge and prevalence data on identity-based hate and violence exposure. A framework for conceptualizing hate-based violence as a traumatic event or series of traumatic events is offered as a means to understand research findings and intervention approaches. The importance of research, advocacy, and human rights training is highlighted in the efforts to address the traumatic impact of identity-based hate and violence.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Exposure to Violence*
  • Hate
  • Humans
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / therapy
  • Violence