A telehealth intervention for ensuring continuity of care of pediatric obesity during the CoVid-19 lockdown in Italy

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Nov 29;31(12):3502-3507. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.026. Epub 2021 Oct 7.

Abstract

Background and aims: Restriction measures adopted during the Coronavirus Disease-19 pandemic favored unhealthy behaviors. Tele-health offered the opportunity to pursue alternative ways of chronic diseases management. This retrospective study sought to determine the effects of a telehealth counselling intervention during the lockdown to children and adolescents with obesity previously engaged in a family-based secondary care program in an outpatient clinic of South Italy.

Methods and results: 117 out of 156 patients participated to the tele-health intervention. Participants underwent videocalls with each component of the multidisciplinary team to receive support in adopting adequate dietary habits and to practice exercise at home. They were included in a closed social group to watch age-adapted tutorials on healthy habits. 75 patients returned to the Center after the end of the lockdown, while only 7 patients who did not participate to the videocalls, took part to the follow-up. Body Mass Index and body composition were assessed in all these patients. BMI z score did not increase in both groups. However, a significant increase of fat mass was observed in the non-participating group (0.046), while the intervention group showed an increase of fat free mass (p < 0.000).

Conclusion: Notwithstanding the limited sample size, the telehealth intervention allowed the maintenance of baseline weight status in participants, with an increase of fat-free mass. As the CoViD-19 pandemic moves forward, the increasing adoption of the new technologies may help the continuity of care, even in pediatric obesity treatment.

Keywords: CoViD-19; Counseling; Lockdown; Pediatric obesity; Telehealth.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Body Mass Index
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • COVID-19 / prevention & control
  • Child
  • Communicable Disease Control / methods
  • Continuity of Patient Care*
  • Exercise
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Telemedicine / methods*