Ninety-day mortality and clinical outcomes of patients with solid tumours and COVID-19 infection during the first pandemic outbreak in Catalonia, Spain: A multicentre retrospective study

To describe the clinical outcomes and risk factors for 90-day mortality in patients with solid tumours (ST) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the first outbreak in Catalonia. This is a multicentre retrospective study including adults with ST and COVID-19 confirmed by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction between 13 March and 30 April 2020. Clinical and survival data were collected. Follow-up ended on 30 July 2020. Multivariate and survival analysis were performed. A hundred and fifteen patients were included. In all, 42.6% had advanced disease and were receiving anticancer treatment; 7% were admitted to the ICU and 22.6% died during hospitalisation. Thirty-day mortality was 27.8%, which increased to 33.9% at 90 days. Ninety-day mortality was associated with current smoker status (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.91, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.03-8.33, P = .044), baseline ECOG-PS 2 to 3 (HR: 3.88, 95% CI: 1.77-8.46, P < .001]), dyspnoea (HR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.31-6.96, P = .009), a respiratory rate ≥ 24 (HR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.02-4.92, P = .046) and sepsis (HR: 3.97, 95% CI: 1.78-8.88, P < .001). Of the 76 survivors, 73.6% had a follow-up visit. Of those, 33.9% had their cancer controlled and 23.2% had progressed. Thirty-five survivors were receiving anticancer treatment before COVID-19 diagnosis though 14 had to discontinue the treatment. Eight survivors without previous anticancer therapy started therapy. The median time to start anticancer therapy after COVID-19 was 45 days (interquartile range: 28-61). In conclusion, 90-day mortality in patients with ST and COVID-19 was 33.9%; current smoker status, poor ECOG-PS, dyspnoea, respiratory rate ≥24 and sepsis were independent risk factors for mortality; and survivors did not restart their anticancer treatment until 1.5 months after COVID-19 diagnosis.