Keywords: Community-dwelling individuals; CrS, creatinine concentration in spot urine (mg/L); DUSE, daily urinary salt excretion; Dietary records; EDSI, estimated daily salt intake; FBDG, The Food-based Dietary Guideline; Japanese diet; NaS, sodium concentration in spot urine (mEq/L); Nutritional balance; Pr.UCr24, estimated 24-h urinary creatinine excretion; SIdish, salt intake per dish; SImeal, salt intake per meal; Salt reductions.