The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is effective in reducing the fishy malodor of sea products. However, the biotransformation pathways are still unclear. The seaweed B. fusco-purpurea was taken as an example to investigate the chemical transformation pathways for the deodorization process with S. cerevisiae fermentation. Sensory evaluation, GC-MS, GC-MS-O and odor activity value (OAV) analyses showed the fishy odorants were 1-octen-3-ol, (E)-2-nonenal, 2,4-decadienal, 2-pentylfuran, 2-octen-1-ol and nonanal. The removal of fishy malodor was related to the reactions of reduction, dehydrogenation, deformylation-oxygenation and ester syntheses via catalysis of aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenases, epoxide hydrolase, aldehyde deformylating-oxygenase, enone reductase, oxidases, dehydrogenases, aldo-keto reductases, ester synthase and acyltransferase. Interestingly, for the first time, it was found that 3,5-octadien-2-one transformed to 6-octen-2-one; and 2-pentylfuran transformed to o-cymene and hexyl acetate. Our findings enrich the knowledge for the removal of fishy malodor from sea products such as seaweeds.
Keywords: (E)-2-Nonenal (PubChem CID: 5283335); (E)-2-Octen-1-ol (PubChem CID: 5318599); 1-Octen-3-ol (PubChem CID: 18827); 2,4-Decadienal (PubChem CID:129664575); 2,4-Dimethyl-benzaldehyde (PubChem CID : 61814); 2,4-Ditert-butylphenol (PubChem CID: 6911); 2-Pentylfuran (PubChem CID: 19602); 2-methyl-isoborneol (PubChem CID: 16913); 3,5-Octadien-2-one (PubChem CID: 5352876).; Bangia fusco-purpurea; Biotransformation pathway; Decanal (PubChem CID: 8175); Dihydroactinidiolide (PubChem CID: 6432173); Dodecanal (PubChem CID: 8194); Enzymatic catalysis; Hexanal (PubChem CID: 6184); Limonene (PubChem CID: 22311); Myrtenol (PubChem CID:10582); Nonanal (PubChem CID: 31289); Removal of fishy malodor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Safranal (PubChem CID: 61041); α-Terpinene (PubChem CID: 7462); α-ionone (PubChem CID: 5371002); β-Cyclocitral (PubChem CID: 9895); β-ionone (PubChem CID: 638014).
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