Meta-control of social learning strategies

PLoS Comput Biol. 2022 Feb 28;18(2):e1009882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009882. eCollection 2022 Feb.

Abstract

Social learning, copying other's behavior without actual experience, offers a cost-effective means of knowledge acquisition. However, it raises the fundamental question of which individuals have reliable information: successful individuals versus the majority. The former and the latter are known respectively as success-based and conformist social learning strategies. We show here that while the success-based strategy fully exploits the benign environment of low uncertainly, it fails in uncertain environments. On the other hand, the conformist strategy can effectively mitigate this adverse effect. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that meta-control of individual and social learning strategies provides effective and sample-efficient learning in volatile and uncertain environments. Simulations on a set of environments with various levels of volatility and uncertainty confirmed our hypothesis. The results imply that meta-control of social learning affords agents the leverage to resolve environmental uncertainty with minimal exploration cost, by exploiting others' learning as an external knowledge base.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Learning
  • Social Behavior
  • Social Learning*
  • Uncertainty

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Institute for Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. 2019-0-01371, Development of brain-inspired AI with human-like intelligence), the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2019M3E5D2A01066267), the NRF grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. 2021 M3E5D2A0102249311), IITP grant funded by the Korean government (No. 2017-0-00451), and Samsung Research Funding Center of Samsung Electronics under Project Number SRFC-TC1603-52. The main PI of these grants (corresponding author: SWL), and the research of AY has been supported by these grants whole time, and NB’s participation is funded by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche under Grant No ANR-18-CE33-0006. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.