Valdecoxib attenuates lipid-induced hepatic steatosis through autophagy-mediated suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress

Biochem Pharmacol. 2022 May:199:115022. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115022. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Abstract

Valdecoxib (VAL) is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to treat inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and menstrual cramps. Recently, VAL ameliorates skeletal muscle insulin resistance via suppression of inflammation. However, the effects of VAL on lipid metabolism in hepatocytes have not been seen yet. This study investigated the effects of VAL on lipid accumulation and lipogenesis in human primary hepatocytes. Treatment with VAL suppressed lipid accumulation and expressions of lipogenic genes, such as processed sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP1) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) in palmitate-treated hepatocytes. Furthermore, VAL ameliorated dose-dependently palmitate-induced ER stress markers. Treatment of hepatocytes with VAL increased AMPK phosphorylation and SIRT6 expression. siRNA-mediated suppression of AMPK or SIRT6 abolished the effects of VAL on lipid accumulation, lipogenesis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in palmitate-treated hepatocytes. Administration of VAL ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation and lipogenic protein expression in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, in vivo AMPK siRNA transfection abolished the effects of VAL on hepatic steatosis and lipid metabolism. These results suggest that VAL suppresses ER stress through the AMPK/SIRT6 pathway, thereby attenuating hepatic steatosis under hyperlipidemic conditions. Using VAL, the current study results provide clues for developing a novel therapeutic agent for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Keywords: AMPK; Autophagy; ER stress; NAFLD; SIRT6; Valdecoxib.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Autophagy
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
  • Hepatocytes / metabolism
  • Isoxazoles
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / metabolism
  • Palmitates / metabolism
  • Palmitates / pharmacology
  • Palmitates / therapeutic use
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Sirtuins* / metabolism
  • Sirtuins* / pharmacology
  • Sirtuins* / therapeutic use
  • Sulfonamides

Substances

  • Isoxazoles
  • Palmitates
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Sulfonamides
  • valdecoxib
  • Sirt6 protein, mouse
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Sirtuins