Single-centre cross-sectional study on the impact of cumulative erythropoietin on bone mineral density in maintenance dialysis patients

BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 12;12(4):e056390. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056390.

Abstract

Objectives: Numerous factors are associated with the risk of osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease, including vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. This study aimed to assess the correlation between cumulative erythropoietin (EPO) doses and osteoporosis risk in patients on chronic dialysis. A further objective was to determine the bone mineral density (BMD) of patients undergoing dialysis and its correlation with specific clinical and biochemical factors.

Setting: The study was undertaken at a tertiary care centre within the southern region of the Taipei Metropolitan area.

Participants: This cross-sectional study included 165 participants aged 41-90 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMD. A total of 108 age-matched and sex-matched participants were selected for further analysis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between bone measurements and bone diseases' risk factors.

Primary and secondary outcomes: The primary outcome of this study was to assess the T-scores of the participants who received dialysis for more than 3 months in our institution. The secondary outcome was using a receiver operating curve to predict osteoporosis development in patients on dialysis who received EPO treatments.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 66.6±11.1 years. A total of 99 (60%) participants (41 men, 58 women) were diagnosed as having osteoporosis. Fifty-four (32.7%) participants with T-scores >-2.5 but <-1.0 were diagnosed as having osteopenia. Osteoporotic participants received 1.61±1.52 million units EPO compared with nonosteoporotic participants, who received 1.01±0.64 million units (EPO1 model), p=0.015. The cumulative EPO dose negatively correlated with the T-scores of participants (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: On the basis of the results of the study, cumulative EPO doses show a negative correlation with BMD development in patients on chronic dialysis.

Keywords: calcium & bone; chronic renal failure; dialysis; nephrology; rheumatology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Aged
  • Bone Density
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Erythropoietin* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoporosis* / epidemiology
  • Osteoporosis* / etiology
  • Renal Dialysis / adverse effects

Substances

  • Erythropoietin