Biosimilar Insulin Aspart Premix SAR341402 Mix 70/30 Versus Originator Insulin Aspart Mix 70/30 (NovoMix 30) in People with Diabetes: A 26-Week, Randomized, Open-Label Trial (GEMELLI M)

Introduction: This study compared the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of biosimilar insulin aspart premix SAR341402 Mix 70/30 (SAR_Asp-Mix) with European-approved insulin aspart mix 70/30 - NovoMix® 30 (NN-Mix) in people with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This 26-week, open-label, phase 3 trial enrolled 402 people with T1D (n = 105) or T2D (n = 297) previously treated with premix insulin, who were randomized (1:1) to SAR_Asp-Mix (n = 204) or NN-Mix (n = 198).

Results: After 26 weeks, the least squares (LS) mean [median] change in HbA1c from baseline was similar in both treatment groups (SAR_Asp-Mix - 0.55% [- 0.60%]; NN-Mix - 0.64% [- 0.60%]). The LS mean difference for SAR_Asp-Mix versus NN-Mix was 0.08%, with the upper bound of the two-sided 95% confidence interval (- 0.139 to 0.303) slightly above the prespecified noninferiority margin of 0.3%. Noninferiority of SAR_Asp-Mix over NN-Mix was not demonstrated in the primary intent-to-treat analysis, primarily because of one extreme outlying value impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in the SAR_Asp-Mix group. Noninferiority was achieved in all secondary analyses, including prespecified per-protocol supportive and COVID-19 sensitivity analyses, as well as post hoc sensitivity analyses. Other efficacy endpoints, insulin dosages, anti-insulin aspart antibody response, hypoglycemia, and adverse events were similar between groups.

Conclusions: The totality of evidence indicates that SAR_Asp-Mix provides effective glycemic control with a similar safety and immunogenicity profile to NN-Mix in people with diabetes treated for 26 weeks.

Trial registration: EudraCT number 2017-000092-84.