The Missing Link in Correlates of Protective Tuberculosis Immunity: Recognizing the Infected Cell

Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 12:13:869057. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869057. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

For most vaccination studies, the assessment of vaccine-induced CD4+ and CD8+ T cells has relied upon the measurement of antigen-specific polyfunctional cells, typically using recombinant antigen or peptide pools. However, this approach leaves open the question as to whether or not these cells are responsive to the Mtb-infected cell within the context of Mtb infection and hence leaves open the possibility that a key parameter of vaccine immunogenicity may be overlooked. In this review, we discuss the case that these measurements almost certainly over-estimate the capacity of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to recognize the Mtb-infected cell.

Keywords: CD4/CD8 lymphocytes + +; MTB; cytolytic; granuloma; intracellular infection.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • Humans
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis*
  • Tuberculosis* / prevention & control

Substances

  • Interferon-gamma