Preliminary results of a national multicenter study on the treatment of LUTS secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia using the Rezūm® steam system

Introduction and objective: Rezūm® system is a minimally invasive transurethral therapy that uses convective water vapor energy to ablate prostatic tissue. The objective is to report 1-year functional and security outcomes obtained by using this technique in real clinical practice.

Material and methods: Prospective study conducted in 5 Spanish hospitals for the treatment of LUTS secondary to BPH using the Rezūm® system. Patients with prostatic medium lobe (ML) and urethral catheter carriers were also included. Pre- and post-operative data were collected using IPSS, IIEF-5 and QoL questionnaires, flowmetry and post-void residual volume. Complications and retreatment rate at one-year follow-up were also reported.

Results: 137 patients, including 64 with ML and 10 patients with urinary retention were treated. Median prostate volume was 50 cm³ (15-131). At 3 months follow-up, significant improvement was observed in IPSS (-6.37 points), Qmax (+4.95 mL/s) and QoL (-1.29); and was maintained until 12 months: -10.78 points, +4.62 mL/s and -2.73 respectively (p < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in the sexual sphere. All complications were mild (≤ Clavien II). Retreatment rate at one year was 4%.

Conclusion: Short-term results of this technique are promising, showing improvement in terms of functional outcomes, with no impact on the sexual sphere or complications. Longer term follow-up should include treatment durability and comparison to standard BPH treatments.