KRAS alterations in colorectal liver metastases: shifting to exon, codon, and point mutations

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Surgery, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
• ² Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
• ³ Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
• ⁴ Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, and Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
• ⁵ Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
• ⁶ Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
• ⁷ Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• ⁸ Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
• ⁹ Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
• ¹⁰ Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• ¹¹ Department of Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
• ¹² Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
• ¹³ Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
• ¹⁴ Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, New York, USA.
• ¹⁵ Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
• ¹⁶ Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.