LXR activation ameliorates high glucose stress-induced aberrant mitochondrial dynamics via downregulation of Calpain1 expression in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Jul 23:614:145-152. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.025. Epub 2022 May 11.

Abstract

Liver-X-receptor (LXR) has previously been shown to exert a cardioprotective effect against the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with a reduction in mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism by which LXR activation attenuates the structural and functional mitochondrial impairments caused by high glucose (HG) stress remains unclear. We demonstrate here that LXR activation inhibits HG stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ameliorates aberrant mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, LXR activation regulates mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting HG stress-induced upregulation of Calpain1 expression. These data indicate that amelioration of Calpain1-mediated aberrant mitochondrial dynamics may be at least part of the mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effects of LXR against HG stress. Therefore, LXR is a potentially attractive molecular target for treating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with diabetes.

Keywords: Calpain1; Diabetes; Liver X receptor; Mitochondrial dynamics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Calpain* / genetics
  • Calpain* / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental* / metabolism
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies* / metabolism
  • Down-Regulation
  • Glucose* / metabolism
  • Liver X Receptors* / genetics
  • Liver X Receptors* / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics* / genetics
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics* / physiology
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Rats

Substances

  • Liver X Receptors
  • Calpain
  • Capn1 protein, rat
  • Glucose