Prophylactic octreotide for postoperative pancreatic fistula in patients with pancreatoduodenectomy: Risk-stratified analysis

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula is one of the most critical complications following pancreatic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of selective prophylactic octreotide for patients at high risk of developing postoperative pancreatic fistula.

Methods: From June 2019 to July 2020, 263 patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy with pancreatojejunostomy at Samsung Medical Center. The individual fistula risk scores were calculated using a previously developed nomogram. The clinicopathological data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: There were 81 patients in the low-risk group and 182 patients in the high-risk group. No statistically significant differences were found in the rates of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula between octreotide group and the control group in all patients (15.0% vs 14.7%, P = .963) and in the high-risk group (16.1% vs 23.6%, P = .206). In risk factor analysis, postoperative octreotide was not an independent risk factor for clinically relevant pancreatic fistula in all patients and the high-risk group. Drain fluid amylase levels on the first postoperative day were significantly associated with clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, regardless of the individual risk.

Conclusions: The selective use of octreotide, even in high-risk patients, showed no protective effect against pancreatic fistula. Therefore, the routine use of postoperative octreotide is not recommended.