A case series describing the multidisciplinary management of pulmonary arterial hypertension in pregnancy: Time for optimism

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2023 Feb;63(1):66-73. doi: 10.1111/ajo.13557. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a high-risk condition during pregnancy, with recent literature describing mortality rates of up to 23%.

Aim: To describe the course and outcomes of pregnancy for women with PAH in a major Australian metropolitan referral centre over a 15-year period.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all pregnant women with PAH over the period 2005-2020.

Results: We report the outcomes of nine pregnancies in six women. In five women, seven pregnancies proceeded to term with birth of a healthy neonate, five vaginal births and two caesareans. Two women opted for a termination of pregnancy in the first trimester following counselling. The planning of care and patient-centred decision-making was individually tailored by a multidisciplinary team. The pulmonary hypertension clinic provided specialist support including the management of pulmonary vasodilators. All women who delivered a live offspring received neuraxial anaesthesia.

Conclusions: Women with this condition are ideally managed in a centre with expertise in PAH; counselling regarding the risks is imperative. Regional anaesthesia, irrespective of the mode of delivery, facilitated safe delivery and improved patient experience. The option of aiming for a term vaginal birth needs to be considered in these complex women.

Keywords: Eisenmenger syndrome; high-risk pregnancy; pregnancy; pulmonary arterial hypertension; pulmonary hypertension.

MeSH terms

  • Australia
  • Cesarean Section
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / therapy
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Parturition
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular* / therapy
  • Pregnancy Outcome
  • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension*