Evaluation of the synergistic effects of biochar and biogas residue on CO2 and CH4 emission, functional genes, and enzyme activity during straw composting

Xu Lin; Nanyi Wang; Fanghong Li; Binghua Yan; Junting Pan; Shilin Jiang; Hua Peng; Anwei Chen; Genyi Wu; Jiachao Zhang; Lihua Zhang; Hongli Huang; Lin Luo

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127608

Evaluation of the synergistic effects of biochar and biogas residue on CO₂ and CH₄ emission, functional genes, and enzyme activity during straw composting

Bioresour Technol. 2022 Sep:360:127608. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127608. Epub 2022 Jul 13.

Authors

Xu Lin¹, Nanyi Wang¹, Fanghong Li², Binghua Yan¹, Junting Pan³, Shilin Jiang⁴, Hua Peng⁵, Anwei Chen¹, Genyi Wu¹, Jiachao Zhang⁶, Lihua Zhang¹, Hongli Huang¹, Lin Luo¹

Affiliations

¹ College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, China.
² College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the PR China, Guangzhou 510655, China.
³ Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
⁴ College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410029, China.
⁵ Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
⁶ College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 35840030
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127608

Abstract

This study examined the effects of biochar, biogas residue, and their combined amendments on CO₂ and CH₄ emission, enzyme activity, and related functional genes during rice straw composting. Results showed that the biogas residue increased CO₂ and CH₄ emissions by 13.07 % and 74.65 %, while biochar had more obvious inhibition. Biogas residue addition enhanced functional gene abundance more than biochar. Biogas residue raised the methanogens mcrA gene by 2.5 times. Biochar improved the Acetyl-CoA synthase and β-glucosidase activities related to carbon fixation and decreased coenzyme activities related to methanogens. Biochar and biogas residue combined amendments enhanced the acsB gene abundance for CO₂ assimilation process and decreased methyl-coenzyme M reductase α subunit activity. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that organic matter was the significant variable affecting CO₂ and CH₄ emissions (P < 0.01). These results indicated biochar played significant roles in carbon loss and greenhouse emissions caused by biogas residue incorporation during composting.

Keywords: Biochar; Biogas residue; CO(2) and CH(4) emission; Composting; Functional gene abundance; Microbial enzyme activity.

MeSH terms

Biofuels
Carbon Dioxide / analysis
Charcoal
Composting*
Methane
Nitrous Oxide / analysis
Soil / chemistry

Substances

Biofuels
Soil
biochar
Carbon Dioxide
Charcoal
Nitrous Oxide
Methane