Development and Validation of a Neonatal Physical Maturity Score for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Am J Perinatol. 2024 May;41(S 01):e514-e519. doi: 10.1055/a-1905-5334. Epub 2022 Jul 20.

Abstract

Objective: Currently available gestational age scoring systems are complex and inaccurate for wider use in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly in infants with neonatal encephalopathy. Here, we aimed to develop a scoring system based on physical characteristics for identifying late preterm infants from term infants.

Study design: This was a prospective observational study conducted in 2 phases- the discovery phase and validation phase. In the first phase, we examined the accuracy of 10 objective physical characteristics in a prospective cohort of 1,006 infants recruited from three hospitals in South India. A weighted scoring system and a photo card were then developed based on the six best performing characteristics which were validated in another prospective cohort of 1,004 infants.

Results: The final score had a sensitivity of 66.0% (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 58.4-73.8%), specificity of 80.0% (95% CI, 77.2-82.7%), and a negative predictive value of 93.0% (95% CI, 90.5-94.5%).

Conclusion: This scoring system may have wider applications in LMIC, particularly in community settings and in infants with neonatal encephalopathy.

Key points: · This is an easily administered scoring system using physical characters to identify late preterm infants.. · The scoring is not affected by neurological injury and can be used in encephalopathic infants.. · Overall accuracy is better than previous scores encompassing the physical criteria alone..

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Validation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Developing Countries*
  • Female
  • Gestational Age*
  • Humans
  • India
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature*
  • Male
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Grants and funding

Funding The study was funded by a program grant from the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), United Kingdom, and was supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Imperial College London. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health.