Child Behavior Problems and Parenting Stress in Underserved Families of Children with ASD: Investigation of Family Resources and Parenting Self-efficacy

J Autism Dev Disord. 2023 Oct;53(10):3787-3798. doi: 10.1007/s10803-022-05681-1. Epub 2022 Jul 25.

Abstract

Behavior problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may exacerbate parenting stress. Parenting self-efficacy and family resources may influence this association. We examined cross-sectional statistical mediation effects of parenting self-efficacy on the relationship between child behavior problems and parenting stress and hypothesized that family-level resources moderated this indirect effect. Participants included 132 underserved (Medicaid-eligible) children with ASD (ages 3-13) with racial/ethnic diversity; many (63%) had intellectual disability. Greater externalizing problems were linked with lower parenting self-efficacy, which in turn was associated with increased parenting stress. A larger mediation effect was observed for families with fewer resources. A plausible alternative model (parenting stress mediating parenting self-efficacy) exhibited poorer fit. Implications for family supports and benefits of longitudinal follow-up are discussed.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Externalizing and internalizing behaviors; Family resources; Mediation analysis; Parenting self-efficacy; Parenting stress.

MeSH terms

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder*
  • Child
  • Child Behavior
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Parenting
  • Parents
  • Problem Behavior*
  • Self Efficacy
  • Stress, Psychological