Large-scale sequencing identifies multiple genes and rare variants associated with Crohn's disease susceptibility

Affiliations

• ¹ Genomics of Inflammation and Immunity Group, Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
• ² Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ³ Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁴ Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁵ Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
• ⁶ Crohn's and Colitis Center, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
• ⁷ Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK.
• ⁸ Hopital Saint-Louis, APHP, Universite de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France.
• ⁹ Division of Gastroenterology, Crohn's and Colitis Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department for Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
• ¹¹ Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
• ¹² Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA.
• ¹³ Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
• ¹⁴ The Institute for Aging Research, The Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging and the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Human Aging Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
• ¹⁵ Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Universite, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
• ¹⁶ John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
• ¹⁷ The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
• ¹⁸ University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
• ¹⁹ McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• ²⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
• ²¹ Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ²² Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ²³ Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ²⁴ Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
• ²⁵ Professeur Chef de Service chez APHP and Universite Paris-6, Paris, France.
• ²⁶ Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
• ²⁷ Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
• ²⁸ Human Genetics Informatics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
• ²⁹ University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
• ³⁰ Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
• ³¹ Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ³² University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
• ³³ IRGB - CNR, Cagliari, Italy.
• ³⁴ Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
• ³⁵ Genomics Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ³⁶ Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
• ³⁷ Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
• ³⁸ Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA.
• ³⁹ Erasme Hospital, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
• ⁴⁰ Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁴¹ Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁴² University of Liège, ULG, Liège, Belgium.
• ⁴³ Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
• ⁴⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
• ⁴⁵ University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
• ⁴⁶ Research Center Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• ⁴⁷ Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁴⁸ Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁴⁹ Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁵⁰ Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁵¹ F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
• ⁵² Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
• ⁵³ Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
• ⁵⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, Guys and Saint Thomas Hospital, London, UK.
• ⁵⁵ School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
• ⁵⁶ Director of Genetic Resources and Services, Center for Rare Jewish Genetic Disorders, Bonei Olam, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
• ⁵⁷ Department of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
• ⁵⁸ Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁵⁹ Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
• ⁶⁰ Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
• ⁶¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
• ⁶² University College London, London, UK.
• ⁶³ Crohn's and Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
• ⁶⁴ McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
• ⁶⁵ Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
• ⁶⁶ Institut National de Sante Publique (INSP), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
• ⁶⁷ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• ⁶⁸ Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
• ⁶⁹ Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁷⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁷¹ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
• ⁷² Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ⁷³ Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Kings College London, London, UK.
• ⁷⁴ School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
• ⁷⁵ Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁷⁶ Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
• ⁷⁷ Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
• ⁷⁸ IBD BioResource, NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁷⁹ Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• ⁸⁰ MRC Human Immunology Unit, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
• ⁸¹ Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
• ⁸² Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
• ⁸³ Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
• ⁸⁴ Department of Pediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
• ⁸⁵ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
• ⁸⁶ University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
• ⁸⁷ Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
• ⁸⁸ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
• ⁸⁹ University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
• ⁹⁰ Crohn's Colitis Center of New Jersey, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick and Piscataway, NJ, USA.
• ⁹¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁹² Kurt Isselbacher Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁹³ Core Institute Member, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁹⁴ Klarman Cell Observatory, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁹⁵ Immunology Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁹⁶ Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁹⁷ Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
• ⁹⁸ Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. [email protected].
• ⁹⁹ Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. [email protected].
• ¹⁰⁰ Genomics of Inflammation and Immunity Group, Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. [email protected].
• ¹⁰¹ Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. [email protected].
• ¹⁰² Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. [email protected].
• ¹⁰³ Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. [email protected].
• ¹⁰⁴ Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [email protected].