Predictive Factors for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Changes Suggestive of Demyelination in Adult Patients with Uveitis Scanned Prior to Commencing Adalimumab Therapy

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Nov;31(9):1804-1812. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2118134. Epub 2022 Sep 13.

Abstract

Purpose: To report the predictive clinical factors for abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans suggestive of demyelination by analysis of MRI's performed for adult non-infectious uveitic patients prior to commencing adalimumab therapy.

Methods: Retrospective case review of 240 patients was conducted in a single tertiary institution between November 2017 and March 2020. Aetiology of underlying disease, clinical characteristics, and MRI outcomes were analysed.

Results: The presence of bilateral idiopathic intermediate uveitis (IIU) (p = .0048) and neurological symptoms (p = .028) were highly predictive of an abnormal MRI strongly suggestive of demyelination (MRSSD); 5 out of 64 scans (7.8%) with these clinical characteristics had MRSSD.

Conclusions: Tumor necrosis factor antagonist-induced demyelination is a concern in adalimumab use. We propose an MRI screening protocol to identify those at high risk of demyelination; positive results can be maximised by screening all patients with IIU and those with neurological symptoms.

Keywords: Adalimumab; Humira; Hyrimoz; MRI; MS; TNF-α; amgevita; demyelination; intermediate uveitis; multiple sclerosis; screening.

MeSH terms

  • Adalimumab / adverse effects
  • Adult
  • Demyelinating Diseases* / complications
  • Demyelinating Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / therapeutic use
  • Uveitis* / diagnosis
  • Uveitis* / drug therapy
  • Uveitis* / etiology
  • Uveitis, Intermediate* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Adalimumab
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha