Idiopathic hyperammonemic encephalopathy secondary to gemcitabine-cisplatin treatment

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2022 Nov;90(5):417-419. doi: 10.1007/s00280-022-04476-6. Epub 2022 Sep 20.

Abstract

Idiopathic hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare complication of chemotherapy, which has previously mainly been associated with L-asparaginase, cytarabine and 5-FU. We present a case following treatment with gemcitabine-cisplatin in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma. The etiology of chemotherapy-induced idiopathic hyperammonemic encephalopathy remains unclear and existing theories differ per chemotherapeutic agent. Physicians treating patients with gemcitabine-cisplatin should be aware of the possibility of this complication, especially because it is treatable when recognized early.

Keywords: Cisplatin; Gemcitabine; Hyperammonemia; Hyperammonemic encephalopathy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Asparaginase / therapeutic use
  • Brain Diseases* / chemically induced
  • Cisplatin / adverse effects
  • Cytarabine / adverse effects
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives
  • Fluorouracil
  • Gemcitabine
  • Humans
  • Hyperammonemia* / chemically induced
  • Hyperammonemia* / therapy
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / drug therapy
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / etiology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cytarabine
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Asparaginase
  • Cisplatin
  • Fluorouracil
  • Gemcitabine