Electrochemical sensor amplified with cellulose nanofibers/Fe₃O₄ composite to the monitoring of hydrazine as a pollutant in water and wastewater samples

A quite swift and sensitive analytical instrument was designed in this work to detect and monitor hydrazine in various water and wastewater samples. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was amplified using cellulose nanofibers/Fe₃O₄ composite (CNF-Fe₃O₄/NC) for monitoring hydrazine in the concentration range of 0.001 - 140 M with a superior detection limit of 0.5 nM. Results showed a diffusion control process for the oxidation of hydrazine at the surface of CNF-Fe₃O₄/NC/GCE. Under the optimum condition (pH=8.0), the oxidation current of hydrazine was improved by about 2.3 times and the oxidation potential was reduced by about 60 mV at the surface of CNF-Fe₃O₄/NC/GCE compare to unmodified GCE. A standard addition method was employed to assess CNF-Fe₃O₄/NC/GCE's capability for the detection of hydrazine in water and wastewater samples, and a recovery range of 97.6 % to 104.9 % was noted.