Noble gases and nitrogen in samples of asteroid Ryugu record its volatile sources and recent surface evolution

Ryuji Okazaki; Bernard Marty; Henner Busemann; Ko Hashizume; Jamie D Gilmour; Alex Meshik; Toru Yada; Fumio Kitajima; Michael W Broadley; David Byrne; Evelyn Füri; My E I Riebe; Daniela Krietsch; Colin Maden; Akizumi Ishida; Patricia Clay; Sarah A Crowther; Lydia Fawcett; Thomas Lawton; Olga Pravdivtseva; Yayoi N Miura; Jisun Park; Ken-Ichi Bajo; Yoshinori Takano; Keita Yamada; Shinsuke Kawagucci; Yohei Matsui; Mizuki Yamamoto; Kevin Righter; Saburo Sakai; Naoyoshi Iwata; Naoki Shirai; Shun Sekimoto; Makoto Inagaki; Mitsuru Ebihara; Reika Yokochi; Kunihiko Nishiizumi; Keisuke Nagao; Jong Ik Lee; Akihiro Kano; Marc W Caffee; Ryu Uemura; Tomoki Nakamura; Hiroshi Naraoka; Takaaki Noguchi; Hikaru Yabuta; Hisayoshi Yurimoto; Shogo Tachibana; Hirotaka Sawada; Kanako Sakamoto; Masanao Abe; Masahiko Arakawa; Atsushi Fujii; Masahiko Hayakawa; Naoyuki Hirata; Naru Hirata; Rie Honda; Chikatoshi Honda; Satoshi Hosoda; Yu-Ichi Iijima; Hitoshi Ikeda; Masateru Ishiguro; Yoshiaki Ishihara; Takahiro Iwata; Kosuke Kawahara; Shota Kikuchi; Kohei Kitazato; Koji Matsumoto; Moe Matsuoka; Tatsuhiro Michikami; Yuya Mimasu; Akira Miura; Tomokatsu Morota; Satoru Nakazawa; Noriyuki Namiki; Hirotomo Noda; Rina Noguchi; Naoko Ogawa; Kazunori Ogawa; Tatsuaki Okada; Chisato Okamoto; Go Ono; Masanobu Ozaki; Takanao Saiki; Naoya Sakatani; Hiroki Senshu; Yuri Shimaki; Kei Shirai; Seiji Sugita; Yuto Takei; Hiroshi Takeuchi; Satoshi Tanaka; Eri Tatsumi; Fuyuto Terui; Ryudo Tsukizaki; Koji Wada; Manabu Yamada; Tetsuya Yamada; Yukio Yamamoto; Hajime Yano; Yasuhiro Yokota; Keisuke Yoshihara; Makoto Yoshikawa; Kent Yoshikawa; Shizuho Furuya; Kentaro Hatakeda; Tasuku Hayashi; Yuya Hitomi; Kazuya Kumagai; Akiko Miyazaki; Aiko Nakato; Masahiro Nishimura; Hiromichi Soejima; Ayako Iwamae; Daiki Yamamoto; Kasumi Yogata; Miwa Yoshitake; Ryota Fukai; Tomohiro Usui; Harold C Connolly Jr; Dante Lauretta; Sei-Ichiro Watanabe; Yuichi Tsuda

doi:10.1126/science.abo0431

Noble gases and nitrogen in samples of asteroid Ryugu record its volatile sources and recent surface evolution

Science. 2023 Feb 24;379(6634):eabo0431. doi: 10.1126/science.abo0431. Epub 2023 Feb 24.

Authors

Ryuji Okazaki¹, Bernard Marty², Henner Busemann³, Ko Hashizume⁴, Jamie D Gilmour⁵, Alex Meshik⁶, Toru Yada⁷, Fumio Kitajima¹, Michael W Broadley², David Byrne², Evelyn Füri², My E I Riebe³, Daniela Krietsch³, Colin Maden³, Akizumi Ishida⁸, Patricia Clay⁵, Sarah A Crowther⁵, Lydia Fawcett⁵, Thomas Lawton⁵, Olga Pravdivtseva⁶, Yayoi N Miura⁹, Jisun Park^{10

11}, Ken-Ichi Bajo¹², Yoshinori Takano¹³, Keita Yamada¹⁴, Shinsuke Kawagucci^{15

16}, Yohei Matsui^{15

16}, Mizuki Yamamoto¹, Kevin Righter¹⁷, Saburo Sakai¹³, Naoyoshi Iwata¹⁸, Naoki Shirai^{19

20}, Shun Sekimoto²¹, Makoto Inagaki²¹, Mitsuru Ebihara¹⁹, Reika Yokochi²², Kunihiko Nishiizumi²³, Keisuke Nagao²⁴, Jong Ik Lee²⁴, Akihiro Kano²⁵, Marc W Caffee^{26

27}, Ryu Uemura²⁸, Tomoki Nakamura⁸, Hiroshi Naraoka¹, Takaaki Noguchi²⁹, Hikaru Yabuta³⁰, Hisayoshi Yurimoto¹², Shogo Tachibana³¹, Hirotaka Sawada⁷, Kanako Sakamoto⁷, Masanao Abe^{7

32}, Masahiko Arakawa³³, Atsushi Fujii⁷, Masahiko Hayakawa⁷, Naoyuki Hirata³³, Naru Hirata³⁴, Rie Honda³⁵, Chikatoshi Honda³⁴, Satoshi Hosoda⁷, Yu-Ichi Iijima⁷, Hitoshi Ikeda⁷, Masateru Ishiguro³⁶, Yoshiaki Ishihara³⁷, Takahiro Iwata⁷, Kosuke Kawahara⁷, Shota Kikuchi^{38

39}, Kohei Kitazato³⁴, Koji Matsumoto^{32

39}, Moe Matsuoka⁴⁰, Tatsuhiro Michikami⁴¹, Yuya Mimasu⁷, Akira Miura⁷, Tomokatsu Morota²⁵, Satoru Nakazawa⁷, Noriyuki Namiki^{32

39}, Hirotomo Noda^{32

39}, Rina Noguchi⁴², Naoko Ogawa⁷, Kazunori Ogawa³⁷, Tatsuaki Okada^{7

43}, Chisato Okamoto³³, Go Ono⁴⁴, Masanobu Ozaki^{7

32}, Takanao Saiki^{7

32}, Naoya Sakatani⁴⁵, Hiroki Senshu³⁸, Yuri Shimaki⁷, Kei Shirai^{7

33}, Seiji Sugita²⁵, Yuto Takei⁷, Hiroshi Takeuchi⁷, Satoshi Tanaka⁷, Eri Tatsumi^{25

46}, Fuyuto Terui⁴⁷, Ryudo Tsukizaki⁷, Koji Wada³⁸, Manabu Yamada³⁸, Tetsuya Yamada⁷, Yukio Yamamoto⁷, Hajime Yano^{7

32}, Yasuhiro Yokota⁷, Keisuke Yoshihara⁷, Makoto Yoshikawa^{7

32}, Kent Yoshikawa⁷, Shizuho Furuya⁷, Kentaro Hatakeda⁴⁸, Tasuku Hayashi⁷, Yuya Hitomi⁴⁸, Kazuya Kumagai⁴⁸, Akiko Miyazaki⁷, Aiko Nakato⁷, Masahiro Nishimura⁷, Hiromichi Soejima⁴⁸, Ayako Iwamae⁴⁸, Daiki Yamamoto^{7

49}, Kasumi Yogata⁷, Miwa Yoshitake⁷, Ryota Fukai⁷, Tomohiro Usui⁷, Harold C Connolly Jr⁵⁰, Dante Lauretta⁵¹, Sei-Ichiro Watanabe²⁸, Yuichi Tsuda⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
² Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRPG, F-54000 Nancy, France.
³ Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
⁴ Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
⁵ Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
⁶ Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
⁷ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
⁸ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
⁹ Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Physical Sciences, Kingsborough Community College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11235, USA.
¹¹ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA.
¹² Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
¹³ Biogeochemistry Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
¹⁴ Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
¹⁵ Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
¹⁶ Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
¹⁷ Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
¹⁸ Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.
¹⁹ Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji 192-0397, Japan.
²⁰ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan.
²¹ Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka 590-0494, Japan.
²² Department of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
²³ Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
²⁴ Division of Earth Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.
²⁵ School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
²⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
²⁷ Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
²⁸ Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²⁹ Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
³⁰ Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
³¹ UTokyo Organization for Planetary and Space Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
³² Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama 240-0193, Japan.
³³ Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
³⁴ Aizu Research Cluster for Space Science, University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan.
³⁵ Center of Data Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
³⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
³⁷ JAXA Space Exploration Center, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
³⁸ Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.
³⁹ National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan.
⁴⁰ Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan.
⁴¹ Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan.
⁴² Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
⁴³ Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁴⁴ Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
⁴⁵ Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
⁴⁶ Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of La Laguna, 38205 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
⁴⁷ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.
⁴⁸ Marine Works Japan Ltd., Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan.
⁴⁹ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
⁵⁰ Department of Geology, School of Earth and Environment, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
⁵¹ Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85705, USA.

PMID: 36264828
DOI: 10.1126/science.abo0431

Abstract

The near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu is expected to contain volatile chemical species that could provide information on the origin of Earth's volatiles. Samples of Ryugu were retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We measured noble gas and nitrogen isotopes in Ryugu samples and found that they are dominated by presolar and primordial components, incorporated during Solar System formation. Noble gas concentrations are higher than those in Ivuna-type carbonaceous (CI) chondrite meteorites. Several host phases of isotopically distinct nitrogen have different abundances among the samples. Our measurements support a close relationship between Ryugu and CI chondrites. Noble gases produced by galactic cosmic rays, indicating a ~5 million year exposure, and from implanted solar wind record the recent irradiation history of Ryugu after it migrated to its current orbit.