Ti/Ni co-doped perovskite cathode with excellent catalytic activity and CO₂ chemisorption ability via nanocatalysts exsolution for solid oxide electrolysis cell

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas is the main cause of global warming and has a significant effect on both climate change and human health. In this study, Ni/Ti co-doped Sr_1.95Fe_1.2Ni_0.1Ti_0.2Mo_0.5O_6-δ (SFNTM) double perovskite oxides were prepared and used as solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) cathode materials for effective CO₂ reduction. Ti-doping enhances the structural stability of the cathode material and increases the oxygen vacancy concentration. After treatment in 10% H₂/Ar at 800°C, Ni nanoparticles were exsolved in situ on the SFNTM surface (Ni@SFNTM), thereby improving its chemisorption and activation capacity for CO₂. Modified by the Ti-doping and the in situ exsolved Ni nanoparticles, the single cell with Ni@SFNMT cathode exhibits improved catalytic activity for CO₂ reduction, exhibiting a current density of 2.54 A cm^-2 at 1.8 V and 800°C. Furthermore, the single cell shows excellent stability after 100 h at 1.4 V, indicating that Ni/Ti co-doping is an effective strategy for designing novel cathode material with high electrochemical performance for SOEC.