Objectives: To study the clinical features of children infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods: The medical data of 19 children who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection from January 28 to March 3, 2022 in Hangzhou were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: Among the 19 children, there were 7 boys (37%) and 12 girls (63%), and their age ranged from 6 months to 16 years, with a median age of 2 years and 1 month. Most of these children were infants and young children (aged ≤3 years, accounting for 53%). Among these children, 11 (58%) were unvaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 8 (42%) were vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 3 children (16%) had a history of underlying diseases. All 19 children had a clear history of close contact with persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, and 10 children (53%) were involved in the cluster outbreak in a maternal and infant care center. In terms of clinical classification, 13 children (68%) had mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 6 (32%) had common COVID-19, with no severe cases of COVID-19. The most common clinical symptoms were cough (100%) and fever (63%). The children with a normal peripheral white blood cell count accounted for 84%, and those with a normal lymphocyte count accounted for 68%. There were no significant abnormalities in platelet count, procalcitonin, liver function parameters (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), and renal function parameters (creatinine and urea). Six children (32%) had obvious signs of pneumonia on chest CT. All 19 children were given symptomatic treatment, and 12 children (63%) were given aerosol inhalation of interferon α. All children were cured and discharged.
Conclusions: Children infected with Omicron variant strains are more common in infants and young children, with mild symptoms and good prognosis. Most of the children have a history of close contact with persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, and epidemic prevention and control should be strengthened in places with many infants and children, such as maternal and infant care centers.
目的: 探讨儿童新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染者的临床特征，为临床诊疗提供参考。方法: 回顾性分析杭州市19例2022年1月28日至3月3日确诊为新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染儿童的临床资料。结果: 19例患儿中，男性7例（37%），女性12例（63%）；年龄0.5~16.0岁，中位年龄为2岁1个月，以婴幼儿（≤3岁）多见（53%）。未接种新型冠状病毒疫苗者11例（58%），接种者8例（42%）。3例（16%）有基础疾病史。19例患儿均有明确的新型冠状病毒感染者的密切接触史，其中母婴看护机构聚集性发病10例（53%）。临床表现为轻型13例（68%），普通型6例（32%），无重型病例。最常见症状为咳嗽（100%）和发热（63%）。患儿外周血白细胞计数（84%）及淋巴细胞计数多正常（68%）。患儿的血小板计数、降钙素原、肝功能指标（丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶）、肾功能指标（肌酐、尿素）无明显异常。6例（32%）胸部CT有明显肺炎征象。19例患儿均给予对症治疗，12例（63%）雾化吸入干扰素α。所有患儿治愈出院。结论: 儿童Omicron变异株感染病例以婴幼儿多见，症状轻，预后良好。患儿多有新型冠状病毒感染者的密切接触史，应重视母婴看护中心等婴幼儿集中场所的疫情防控。.
Keywords: Child; Clinical feature; Omicron variant; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.