Fostering reproducibility and generalizability in machine learning for clinical prediction modeling in spine surgery

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan.
• ² Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
• ³ Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Orthopedic, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• ⁴ Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
• ⁵ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No1, Jen-Ai Rd, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: [email protected].