The Japanese version of the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 (GPIUS2): Psychometric evaluation and analysis of the theoretical model

PLoS One. 2022 Nov 28;17(11):e0273895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273895. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Background: The Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 (GPIUS2) is a self-administered questionnaire that evaluates problematic internet use (PIU) from a multidimensional perspective. We analysed the psychometric properties and adequacy of the theoretical model of Japanese version of the GPIUS2.

Methods: This study included 291 healthy Japanese adults (median age = 25 years; interquartile range 22-43 years; 128 women) who completed the GPIUS2 and several other questionnaires evaluating the degree of PIU, self-esteem, depression, and impulsivity.

Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed a similar factor structure between the original and Japanese versions of the GPIUS2, with only minor differences in item composition. Higher-order confirmatory factor analyses revealed a good overall fit for the factorial model suggested by EFA, indicating adequate construct validity. The model showed acceptable internal consistency. Partial correlation analyses between GPIUS2 and other measures, with age as a control variable, revealed good convergent validity. Finally, structural equation modelling showed a good fit to the data, supporting the cognitive-behavioural model of Caplan (2010).

Conclusions: The Japanese version of the GPIUS2 has good psychometric properties and the theoretical model of the original GPIUS2 is applicable to Japanese adults.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Factor Analysis, Statistical
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Internet Use*
  • Japan
  • Models, Theoretical*
  • Psychometrics

Grants and funding

Funding: SY received a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (Japan Society for The Promotion of Science, 20K13821). TM received support from a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (Japan Society for The Promotion of Science, 19H00518), Gant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) (Japan Society for The Promotion of Science, JP21H05173), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (Japan Society for The Promotion of Science, 21H02849), and Strategic International Brain Science Research Promotion Program (Brain/MINDS Beyond) (21dm0307102h0003) of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). HF got a Grant-in-Aid from the Smoking Research Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or manuscript preparation.