c-ANCA-associated vasculitis with predominant CNS demyelination after COVID-19

Arch Pediatr. 2023 Jan;30(1):74-76. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.11.017. Epub 2022 Nov 30.

Abstract

COVID-19 infection may trigger the presentation or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases. c-Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA)-associated vasculitis after COVID-19 mainly involves the kidneys and lungs, and is rarely reported. We describe the case of a 13-year-old girl with a history of chronic immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura who presented with transverse myelitis and central nervous system demyelination, and was subsequently diagnosed with c-ANCA-associated vasculitis following COVID-19. The patient's condition improved after pulse therapy with methylprednisolone and rituximab. To our knowledge, this is the first reported pediatric case of ANCA-associated vasculitis with predominant central nervous system involvement after COVID-19 infection.

Keywords: ANCA; COVID-19; Myelitis; Vasculitis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis* / complications
  • Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis* / diagnosis
  • Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic
  • COVID-19* / complications
  • Child
  • Demyelinating Diseases*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Rituximab / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic
  • Rituximab