These studies show that both liver slices and macrophages carried out fibronectin concentration-dependent uptake of 125I-labeled gelatin-coated latex (test latex). Lack of phagocytosis of test latex by liver slices was shown directly by electron microscopy and indirectly by trypsin treatment, which caused the release of all test latex taken up in response to fibronectin. Inhibitors of phagocytosis did not alter this uptake. On the other hand, trypsin released only a portion of test latex from macrophages. Inhibitors of phagocytosis did not effect the released radioactive particles from macrophages but greatly reduced the trypsin-resistant radioactivity, taken as representing phagocytized particles. Opsonization of test latex with fibronectin did not require heparin but its association with liver slices occurred only in the presence of heparin. Macrophages, however, readily bound and internalized the opsonized test latex and heparin only potentiated these reactions. Gelatin competed with test latex for fibronectin for opsonization, but did not inhibit binding and phagocytosis of fibronectin-test latex complexes. Finally, soluble fibronectin-gelatin complexes did not compete for binding and phagocytosis of fibronectin-test latex complexes. Thus, fibronectin concentrated on the surface of latex is preferred for interaction with the fibronectin receptor of macrophages. Gelatin, however, was not essential for this reaction, because fibronectin directly coupled to latex was also readily taken up.