Fuzzy Control Modeling to Optimize the Hardness and Geometry of Laser Cladded Fe-Based MG Single Track on Stainless Steel Substrate Prepared at Different Surface Roughness

Maha M A Lashin; Mahmoud Z Ibrahim; Muhammad Ijaz Khan; Kamel Guedri; Kuldeep K Saxena; Sayed M Eldin

doi:10.3390/mi13122191

Fuzzy Control Modeling to Optimize the Hardness and Geometry of Laser Cladded Fe-Based MG Single Track on Stainless Steel Substrate Prepared at Different Surface Roughness

Micromachines (Basel). 2022 Dec 10;13(12):2191. doi: 10.3390/mi13122191.

Authors

Maha M A Lashin¹, Mahmoud Z Ibrahim², Muhammad Ijaz Khan^{3

4}, Kamel Guedri⁵, Kuldeep K Saxena⁶, Sayed M Eldin⁷

Affiliations

¹ College of Engineering, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahaman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Design and Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt.
³ Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Riphah International University, I-14, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon.
⁵ Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India.
⁷ Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.

Abstract

Metallic glass (MG) is a promising coating material developed to enhance the surface hardness of metallic substrates, with laser cladding having become popular to develop such coatings. MGs properties are affected by the laser cladding variables (laser power, scanning speed, spot size). Meanwhile, the substrate surface roughness significantly affects the geometry and hardness of the laser-cladded MG. In this research, Fe-based MG was laser-cladded on substrates with different surface roughness. For this purpose, the surfaces of the substrate were prepared for cladding using two methods: sandpaper polishing (SP) and sandblasting (SB), with two levels of grit size used for each method (SP150, SP240, SB40, SB100). The experiment showed that substrate surface roughness affected the geometry and hardness of laser-cladded Fe-based MG. To predict and optimize the geometry and hardness of laser-cladded Fe-based MG single tracks at different substrate surface roughness, a fuzzy logic control system (FLCS) was developed. The FLCS results indicate that it is an efficient tool to select the proper preparation technique of the substrate surface for higher clad hardness and maximum geometry to minimize the number of cladding tracks for full surface cladding.

Keywords: fuzzy logic control system; geometry of track; laser cladding; surface hardness.

Grants and funding

The authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Umm Al-Qura University for supporting this work by Grant Code: 23UQU4331317DSR116.