The Built Environment and Population Physical Activity: Methods for Mapping the Relevant Laws

J Phys Act Health. 2023 Jan 14;20(2):157-168. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0279. Print 2023 Feb 1.

Abstract

Background: The development of policies that promote and enable physical activity (PA) is a global health priority. Laws are an important policy instrument that can enable enduring beneficial outcomes for individuals, organizations, and environments through multiple mechanisms. This article presents a systematic process for mapping laws relevant to PA, which can be used to understand the role of laws as a powerful PA policy lever.

Methods: Building on methods used in public health law research, we developed a protocol for scientific mapping of laws influencing the built environment for PA in Australia. The MonQcle online legal research platform was used for data coding, analysis, and presentation.

Results: We describe the 10 key stages of legal mapping that we applied to examine state and territory laws that influence walking and cycling in Australia.

Conclusions: Law is a neglected element of policy research for PA. There is a need for accessible legal data to drive the design, investment, and implementation of legal interventions to improve population PA. Legal mapping is a first step toward evaluation of such laws for PA. This paper provides a practical case study and guidance for the 10 stages in legal mapping of laws that influence the built environment for PA.

Keywords: bicycling; government regulation; legal epidemiology; public policy; walking.

MeSH terms

  • Built Environment
  • Exercise*
  • Global Health
  • Humans
  • Policy
  • Public Health*