Immunogenicity and Safety of a Quadrivalent Meningococcal Tetanus Toxoid-Conjugate Vaccine (MenACYW-TT) in Meningococcal Vaccine-Naïve Participants across a Broad Age Range (2-55 Years) in Japan: a Phase III Randomized Study

Jpn J Infect Dis. 2023 May 24;76(3):174-182. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2022.272. Epub 2023 Jan 31.

Abstract

MenACYW-TT is a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine designed to prevent invasive meningococcal disease. The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate non-inferiority of the vaccine seroresponse to a single dose of MenACYW-TT compared with MCV4-DT, a licensed meningococcal quadrivalent diphtheria-conjugate vaccine. This Phase III double-blind, multicenter trial was conducted in meningococcal vaccine-naïve individuals aged 2-55 years in Japan (NCT04368429; jRCT2080225192). Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive either MenACYW-TT (n = 180) or MCV4-DT (n = 180). Functional antibodies against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, and Y were measured using a serum bactericidal antibody assay with human complement (hSBA) at baseline (D0) and 30 days after vaccination (D30). Seroresponse was defined as a post-vaccination titer ≥1:16 in participants with a baseline titer <1:8; or a ≥4-fold increase in titer in participants with a baseline titer ≥1:8. Safety data were collected for 30 days. Non-inferiority of the seroresponse to MenACYW-TT vs. MCV4-DT was demonstrated on D30 for each serogroup tested (A: 85.6% vs. 65.4%; C: 96.6% vs. 62.6%; W: 87.4% vs. 49.2%; Y: 97.7% vs. 63.5%). MenACYW-TT was well tolerated with no safety concerns identified. A single dose of MenACYW-TT was well tolerated, with a non-inferior seroresponse compared with MCV4-DT. MenACYW-TT could thus be used as an alternative vaccine in meningococcal vaccine-naïve individuals.

Keywords: Japan; MenACYW-TT; immunogenicity; quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine; safety.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Humans
  • Japan
  • Meningococcal Infections* / prevention & control
  • Meningococcal Vaccines*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neisseria meningitidis*
  • Tetanus Toxoid / adverse effects
  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Vaccines, Conjugate / adverse effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Tetanus Toxoid
  • Meningococcal Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Conjugate
  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Vaccines, Combined