Racism as a Source of Pain

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, USA. [email protected].
• ² Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA. [email protected].
• ³ Department of Psychology, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA.
• ⁴ Five College Program in Culture, Health, and Science, Five College Consortium, Amherst, MA, USA.
• ⁵ Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
• ⁶ Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ⁷ Division of Epidemiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
• ⁸ Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
• ⁹ Departments of Black Studies and American Studies, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.