Objective: To further investigate the relationship between sleep apnea and coronary heart disease. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with various cardiovascular diseases including coronary heart disease. Moderate to severe OSA patients are prone to more severe coronary stenosis. We combined the serological indicators, echocardiography and coronary angiography all together to further investigate the relationship between sleep apnea and coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 110 coronary heart disease patients who underwent coronary angiography and overnight polysomnography during hospitalization were enrolled, including 97 males and 13 females aged 27-85 years. Data of baseline characteristics, biochemical measurements, echocardiography, coronary angiography and polysomnography were collected. The differences in cardiovascular indicators of different degrees of OSA were compared by t-test and nonparametric test. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for OSA and coronary stenosis. Results: The median age of the enrolled 110 patients was 56 years. Totally, 88.2% patients were male and 84.5% suffered from OSA. Patients with moderate to severe OSA had a greater degree of heart rate variation during sleep, a wider proximal ascending aorta, and were more prone to abnormal right heart structure, however, no significant difference was found in myocardial injury. Patients with more severe coronary stenosis were more likely to have OSA, and they often had higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and more central sleep apnea. Hypertension was independently associated with coronary stenosis and moderate to severe OSA after adjustment (OR=3.88, P=0.035; OR=2.95, P=0.046). Conclusions: Patients with more severe coronary stenosis had higher prevalence of OSA and more central sleep apnea affairs. Coronary heart disease patients with moderate to severe sleep apnea were more likely to develop aortic widening and abnormal right heart structure. Hypertension was an independent risk factor for severe coronary stenosis and moderate to severe OSA, respectively.
目的： 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（obstructive sleep apnea，OSA）与冠心病等多种心血管疾病相关，中重度OSA患者的冠状动脉狭窄更严重，综合血清学指标、超声心动图、冠状动脉造影，进一步研究睡眠呼吸暂停与冠心病的关系。 方法： 选取有冠状动脉造影指征并在住院期间完成冠状动脉造影和睡眠呼吸监测的110例冠心病患者，其中男97例，女13例，年龄27~85岁。收集其基线资料、生化指标、超声心动图、冠状动脉造影、睡眠呼吸监测数据。采用t检验、非参数检验比较不同程度睡眠呼吸暂停的心血管指标差异以及不同冠状动脉狭窄程度患者的睡眠呼吸暂停情况，采用logistic回归模型分析OSA以及冠状动脉狭窄的危险因素。 结果： 84.5%（93/110）的患者患有OSA。中重度OSA患者睡眠时心率变异程度更大，近端升主动脉更宽，更易有右心结构功能的异常，而心肌损伤情况差异无统计学意义。冠状动脉狭窄程度高的患者OSA患病率更高且程度更严重，并且中枢型呼吸暂停事件相对更多。调整其他因素后，患高血压与冠状动脉狭窄以及中重度OSA独立相关（OR=3.88，P=0.035；OR=2.95，P=0.046）。 结论： 冠状动脉狭窄程度高的患者更易患OSA且中枢型事件更多；合并有中重度睡眠呼吸暂停的冠心病患者更易出现主动脉的增宽和右心结构异常；高血压分别是冠状动脉严重狭窄和中重度OSA的独立危险因素。.