Geographic Trends in Pediatric Psychotropic Medication Dispensing Before and After the Start of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Psychiatr Serv. 2023 Aug 1;74(8):880-884. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20220314. Epub 2023 Feb 8.

Abstract

Objective: This study examined trends and geographic variability in dispensing of prescription psychotropic medications to U.S. youths before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Using national data on prescription medication dispensing, the authors performed a cross-sectional study examining the monthly percent change in psychotropic medications dispensed (total N=95,639,975) to youths (ages 5-18 years) in 2020 versus 2019, across medication classes and geographic regions.

Results: For many medications, more were dispensed in March 2020 than in March 2019 and fewer in April-May 2020 versus April-May 2019. Stimulants had the largest decline: -26.4% in May 2020 versus May 2019. The magnitude of the monthly percent change varied by region.

Conclusions: Fewer psychotropic medications were dispensed to U.S. youths after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with 2019. Although some medication classes rebounded to prepandemic dispensing levels by September 2020, dispensing varied by class and region.

Keywords: Adolescence; COVID-19; General child psychiatry; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic drugs; Trends.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • COVID-19*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants*
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • Prescription Drugs*
  • Psychotropic Drugs / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Psychotropic Drugs
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Prescription Drugs