COVID-19 Clusters and Outbreaks Among Non-Health Care, Noncongregate Workers in Chicago, Illinois: Surveillance Through the First Omicron Wave

J Occup Environ Med. 2023 Apr 1;65(4):e211-e218. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002782. Epub 2023 Feb 13.

Abstract

Objective: To describe COVID-19 investigations by a large urban health department among non-health care, noncongregate workplaces and the utility of surveillance methods over time.

Methods: Frequencies of workplace-associated clusters and outbreaks are described by workplace type, workforce size, and method of identification over time.

Results: From April 2020 through January 2022, 496 COVID-19 investigations identified 442 clusters (89%) and 54 outbreaks (11%). Frontline essential workplaces comprised 36% of investigations before versus 15% after vaccine eligibility. Pre-Omicron, most investigations (84%) were identified through case interviews. During Omicron predominance, case interviews decreased dramatically and identified 10% of investigations. Offices (41%) and bars and restaurants (36%) were overrepresented, and only one outbreak was identified, given decreases in confirmatory testing.

Conclusions: Findings suggest that vaccine prioritization reduced COVID-19 burden among highest-risk workplaces, but surveillance methods likely became less representative over time.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Chicago / epidemiology
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Humans
  • Illinois / epidemiology
  • Workplace