A case of response to combination treatment with autologous immunotherapy and bevacizumab in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Natural killer (NK) cells have developed as a potent tool in cancer immunotherapy. Especially, patients who have failed in the first-line or maintenance treatment received a good response with immunotherapy in association with other approaches. We report the case of a 61-year-old male patient with programmed cell death ligand - 1(PD-L1) expression in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (stage IV). Even though the patient was treated with standard therapy using keytruda, he still appeared with new lesions. Therefore, the patient was treated in combination with autologous NK cells therapy, gemcitabine, bevacizumab. NK cells were expanded from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of the patient, and after that, they were transferred back to the patient. After 6 infusions of autologous NK cells in combination with gemcitabine, bevacizumab, the patient decreased significantly the size of primary, metastatic lesions and had a marked improvement in the quality of life. Besides, during combination therapy, no side effects have been reported and there was no toxicity observed in the hematopoietic system, liver as well as kidneys. Our case suggests that this treatment regimen is a potential treatment approach for advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 expression.