Effect of remdesivir on adverse kidney outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and impaired kidney function

PLoS One. 2023 Feb 27;18(2):e0279765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279765. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important risk factor for mortality from COVID-19. Remdesivir has been shown to shorten time to recovery in patients with severe COVID-19. However, exclusion of patients with severe kidney function impairment in clinical trials has led to concerns about kidney safety of remdesivir in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.

Methods: Retrospective propensity score matched cohort study of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 admitted with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 15 - 60 mL/min/1.73m2. Remdesivir-treated patients were 1:1 matched to historical comparators admitted during the first wave of COVID-19 (between March-April 2020) prior to emergency use authorization of remdesivir using propensity scores accounting for factors predicting treatment assignment. Dependent outcomes included in-hospital peak creatinine, incidence of doubling of creatine, rate of kidney replacement therapy initiation and eGFR among surviving patients at day 90.

Results: 175 remdesivir-treated patients were 1:1 matched to untreated historical comparators. Mean age was 74.1 (SD 12.8), 56.9% were male, 59% patients were white, and the majority (83.1%) had at least one co-morbidity. There were no statistically significant differences in peak creatinine during hospitalization (2.3mg/dL vs. 2.5 mg/dL, P = 0.34), incidence of doubling of creatinine (10.3% vs. 13.1%, P = 0.48), and rate of kidney replacement therapy initiation (4.6% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.49) in remdesivir-treated patients versus matched untreated historical comparators, respectively. Among surviving patients, there was no difference of the average eGFR at day 90 (54.7 ± 20.0 mL/min/1.73m2 for remdesivir-treated patients vs. 51.7 ± 19.5 mL/min/1.73m2 for untreated comparators, P = 0.41).

Conclusions: Remdesivir use in patients with impaired kidney function (eGFR between 15 - 60 mL/min/1.73m2) who present to the hospital with COVID-19 is not associated with increased risk of adverse kidney outcomes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment
  • COVID-19*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Creatinine
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney
  • Male
  • Renal Insufficiency*
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • remdesivir
  • Creatinine

Grants and funding

This work was funded by Gilead through an investigator-initiated grant to Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) awarded to Dr. Sise. All aspects of the study (protocol, data capture, analysis, and manuscript preparation) were performed by Dr. Sise and her co-authors.