Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation and progression risk factors of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) in China. Methods: We retrospectively assessed the clinical features and disease progression of 1 037 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance between January 2004 and January 2022 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Results: A total of 1 037 patients were recruited in the study, including 636 males (63.6%) , with a median age of 58 (18-94) years. The median concentration of serum monoclonal protein was 2.7 (0-29.4) g/L. The monoclonal immunoglobulin type was IgG in 380 patients (59.7%) , IgA in 143 patients (22.5%) , IgM in 103 patients (16.2%) , IgD in 4 patients (0.6%) , and light chain in 6 patients (0.9%) . 171 patients (31.9%) had an abnormal serum-free light chain ratio (sFLCr) . According to the Mayo Clinic model for risk of progression, the proportion of patients in the low-risk, medium-low-risk, medium-high risk, and high-risk groups were 254 (59.5%) , 126 (29.5%) , 43 (10.1%) , and 4 (0.9%) , respectively. With a median follow-up of 47 (1-204) months, 34 of 795 patients (4.3%) had disease progression, and 22 (2.8%) died. The overall progression rate was 1.06 (0.99-1.13) /100 person-years. Patients with non-IgM MGUS have a markedly higher disease progression rate per 100 person-years than IgM-MGUS (2.87/100 person-years vs 0.99/100 person-years, P=0.002) . The disease progression rate per 100 person-years in non-IgM-MGUS patients of Mayo classification low-risk, medium-low risk and medium-high risk groups were 0.32 (0.25-0.39) /100 person-years, 1.82 (1.55-2.09) /100 person-years, and2.71 (1.93-3.49) /100 person-years, which had statistically difference (P=0.005) . Conclusion: In comparison to non-IgM-MGUS, IgM-MGUS has a greater risk of disease progression. The Mayo Clinic progression risk model applies to non-IgM-MGUS patients in China.
目的： 探究我国意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症（MGUS）患者的临床特征及疾病进展相关因素。 方法： 回顾性分析2004年1月至2022年1月北京协和医院确诊的1 037例MGUS患者的临床资料。 结果： 1 037例患者中，男636例（61.3%），中位诊断年龄58（18~94）岁，中位血清单克隆免疫球蛋白（M蛋白）水平为2.7（0~29.4）g/L。IgG型、IgA型、IgM型、IgD型、轻链型分别为380例（59.7%）、143例（22.5%）、103例（16.2%）、4例（0.6%）、6例（0.9%）。血清游离轻链比例（sFLCr）异常患者171例（31.9%）。按照梅奥危险分层，低危、中低危、中高危、高危组患者分别为254例（59.5%）、126例（29.5%）、43例（10.1%）、4例（0.9%）。中位随访47（1~204）个月后，34例（4.3%）发生疾病进展，22例（2.8%）死亡，进展率为1.06（0.99~1.13）/100人年。IgM-MGUS的进展率显著高于非IgM-MGUS（2.87/100人年对0.99/100人年，P=0.002）。在非IgM-MGUS组患者中，梅奥分层为低危、中低危、中高危组患者的进展率依次为0.32（0.25~0.39）/100人年、1.82（1.55~2.09）/100人年和2.71（1.93~3.49）/100人年，差异有统计学意义（P=0.005）。 结论： 与非IgM-MGUS相比，IgM-MGUS的疾病进展风险更高。梅奥危险分层模型适用于中国非IgM-MGUS患者。.
Keywords: Disease progression; Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.