[Burns caused by nitrous oxide cylinder misuse]

In recent years, we have seen an increase in the frequency of the misuse of nitrous oxide as a narcotic. The risks associated with its use are now well-known, such as neurological and psychiatric risks. In this study, we report our experience with specific thigh burns when using nitrous oxide canisters for narcotic purposes.

Patients and methods: Between November 2021 and August 2022 we treated 4 patients burned during a nitrous oxide use accident.

Results: We report the cases of three women and one man with an average age of 28. Two of them were treated in addictology. We observed an average delay before consultation of a healthcare professional of 7days. The burns were all rounded and deep, localized at the level of the thighs. For three of the patients (one having been lost to sight), a split thickness skin graft was performed within an average of 32days.

Conclusions: The non-medical use of nitrous oxide represents a real public health problem in addition to the adverse effects of the substance itself. Prevention and health security measures seem to be becoming essential.