Multi-omics analysis reveals underlying host responses in pediatric respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

Xiaolan Huang; Fang Li; Yi Wang; Xinbei Jia; Nan Jia; Fei Xiao; Chunrong Sun; Jin Fu; Min Chen; Xiaodai Cui; Dong Qu; Laurence Don Wai Luu; Jun Tai; Jieqiong Li

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106329

Multi-omics analysis reveals underlying host responses in pediatric respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

iScience. 2023 Mar 3;26(4):106329. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106329. eCollection 2023 Apr 21.

Authors

Xiaolan Huang¹, Fang Li², Yi Wang¹, Xinbei Jia³, Nan Jia¹, Fei Xiao¹, Chunrong Sun¹, Jin Fu¹, Min Chen¹, Xiaodai Cui¹, Dong Qu², Laurence Don Wai Luu⁴, Jun Tai³, Jieqiong Li⁵

Affiliations

¹ Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, P.R. China.
² Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, P.R. China.
³ Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, P. R. China.
⁴ School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁵ Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important pathogen causing pneumonia in children. Few studies have used multi-omics data to investigate the pathogenies of RSV pneumonia. Here, metabolomics was first used to identify potential biomarkers for RSV diagnosis. In the training cohort, serum from 36 healthy controls (HCs), 45 RSV pneumonia children, and 32 infectious disease controls (IDCs) were recruited. After analyses, six metabolites had potential diagnostic value. Using an independent cohort of 49 subjects, two biomarkers (neuromedin N and histidyl-proline diketopiperazine) were validated. Next, multi-omics analysis were applied to analyze the pathogenies of RSV pneumonia. Accumulation of collagen in the serum of RSVs indicated that RSV infection could lead to increased levels of soluble collage. Activation of the complement system and imbalance in lipid metabolism were also observed in RSV patients. The multi-omics analysis presented here revealed the signature protein and metabolite changes in serum caused by RSV infection.

Keywords: Immune response; Metabolomics; Proteomics; Virology.