Metabolic and bariatric surgery and obesity pharmacotherapy for cancer prevention: current status and future possibilities

Mary C Playdon; Sheetal Hardikar; Prasoona Karra; Rachel Hoobler; Anna R Ibele; Katherine L Cook; Amanika Kumar; Joseph E Ippolito; Justin C Brown

doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad003

Metabolic and bariatric surgery and obesity pharmacotherapy for cancer prevention: current status and future possibilities

J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2023 May 4;2023(61):68-76. doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad003.

Authors

Mary C Playdon^{1

2}, Sheetal Hardikar^{2

3}, Prasoona Karra^{1

2}, Rachel Hoobler^{1

2}, Anna R Ibele⁴, Katherine L Cook^{5

6

7}, Amanika Kumar⁸, Joseph E Ippolito⁹, Justin C Brown^{10

11

12}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
² Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
³ Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
⁴ Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
⁵ Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
⁶ Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
⁷ Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
⁸ Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁹ Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
¹⁰ Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
¹¹ Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
¹² Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease of excess adiposity that increases the risk of developing at least 13 types of cancer. This report provides a concise review of the current state of the science regarding metabolic and bariatric surgery and obesity pharmacotherapy related to cancer risk. Meta-analyses of cohort studies report that metabolic and bariatric surgery is independently associated with a lower risk of incident cancer than nonsurgical obesity care. Less is known regarding the cancer-preventive effects of obesity pharmacotherapy. The recent approval and promising pipeline of obesity drugs will provide the opportunity to understand the potential for obesity therapy to emerge as an evidence-based cancer prevention strategy. There are myriad research opportunities to advance our understanding of how metabolic and bariatric surgery and obesity pharmacotherapy may be used for cancer prevention.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Adiposity
Bariatric Surgery* / adverse effects
Humans
Neoplasms* / epidemiology
Neoplasms* / etiology
Neoplasms* / prevention & control
Obesity / complications
Obesity / surgery
Risk

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding