Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis on the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the Chinese elderly. Methods: The literature related to the influencing factors of MCI in Chinese elderly population was retrieved through CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases up to March 13, 2022. Stata17.0 software was used to calculate the combined risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI), test the heterogeneity, and assess the publication bias. Results: A total of 2 450 articles were retrieved, and 49 articles met the inclusion criteria, including 5 cohort studies and 44 case-control studies. Meta-analysis results showed that male (RR=0.778, 95%CI: 0.696-0.870, I2=73.1), education>6years (RR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.374-0.490, I2=86.9) and regular exercise (RR=0.496, 95%CI: 0.421-0.585, I2=81.5) were protective factors for MCI, while age≥70 years (RR=2.431, 95%CI: 2.086-2.833, I2=79.3), family history of dementia (RR=3.228, 95%CI: 2.140-4.867, I2=0.0), smoking (RR=1.214, 95%CI: 1.098-1.342, I2=78.8), alcohol consumption (RR=1.165, 95%CI: 1.047-1.297, I2=68.2), solitary living (RR=2.816, 95%CI: 2.123-3.736, I2=42.0), insomnia (RR=1.402, 95%CI: 1.093-1.799, I2=41.3), overweight/obesity (RR=1.431, 95%CI: 1.207-1.696, I2=75.9), hypertension (RR=1.731, 95%CI: 1.589-1.886, I2=67.1), hyperlipidemia (RR=1.722, 95%CI: 1.541-1.924, I2=63.9), diabetes mellitus (RR=1.495, 95%CI: 1.341-1.666, I2=71.6), cardiovascular diseases (RR=1.671, 95%CI: 1.446-1.932, I2=74.6) and cerebrovascular diseases (RR=2.309, 95%CI: 2.040-2.613, I2=76.3) were risk factors of MCI. Conclusion: The present study indicates that male, junior high school education or above and regular exercise are protective factors of MCI, while age≥70 years, family history of dementia, smoking, alcohol consumption, living alone, insomnia, overweight/obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases are risk factors of MCI.
目的： 对中国老年人群轻度认知障碍（MCI）的影响因素进行荟萃分析。 方法： 检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Embase和Web of Science共6个中英文数据库，收集从建库至2022年3月13日国内外公开发表的中国老年人群MCI影响因素的相关文献。采用Stata17.0软件进行统计分析，计算合并的RR值及其95%CI，检验异质性，评估发表偏倚。 结果： 共检索到文献2 450篇，最终纳入文献49篇，包括5篇队列研究和44篇病例对照研究。荟萃分析显示，男性（RR=0.778，95%CI：0.696~0.870，I2=73.1）、受教育年限>6年（RR=0.428，95%CI：0.374~0.490，I2=86.9）、经常进行锻炼（RR=0.496，95%CI：0.421~0.585， I2=81.5）是MCI的保护因素；而年龄≥70岁（RR=2.431，95%CI：2.086~2.833，I2=79.3）、有痴呆家族史（RR=3.228，95%CI：2.140~4.867， I2=0.0）、吸烟（RR=1.214，95%CI：1.098~1.342，I2=78.8）、饮酒（RR=1.165，95%CI：1.047~1.297， I2=68.2）、独居（RR=2.816，95%CI：2.123~3.736， I2=42.0）、失眠（RR=1.402，95%CI：1.093~1.799，I2=41.3）、超重/肥胖（RR=1.431，95%CI：1.207~1.696，I2=75.9）、高血压（RR=1.731，95%CI：1.589~1.886，I2=67.1）、高血脂（RR=1.722，95%CI：1.541~1.924，I2=63.9）、糖尿病（RR=1.495，95%CI：1.341~1.666，I2=71.6）、心血管疾病（RR=1.671，95%CI：1.446~1.932，I2=74.6）、脑血管疾病（RR=2.309，95%CI：2.040~2.613，I2=76.3）是MCI的危险因素。 结论： 男性、受教育程度、锻炼是MCI的保护因素，而高龄、痴呆家族史、吸烟、饮酒、独居、失眠、超重/肥胖、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病是MCI的危险因素。.