A new version of a measurement for presence and impact of pain in children and adolescents - Presence and impact of pain in Kids (PIP-KIDS) questionnaire: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties into Brazilian-Portuguese

Veronica Souza Santos; Aron Downie; Steven J Kamper; Tie P Yamato

doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102772

A new version of a measurement for presence and impact of pain in children and adolescents - Presence and impact of pain in Kids (PIP-KIDS) questionnaire: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties into Brazilian-Portuguese

Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2023 Jun:65:102772. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102772. Epub 2023 May 8.

Authors

Veronica Souza Santos¹, Aron Downie², Steven J Kamper³, Tie P Yamato⁴

Affiliations

¹ Master's and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
² Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³ Center for Pain, Health, and Lifestyle (CPHL), Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, NSW, Australia.
⁴ Master's and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Pain, Health, and Lifestyle (CPHL), Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 37182390
DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102772

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents is prevalent and responsible for high levels of disability. Instruments to measure the presence and impact of pain in this population are needed.

Objective: To translate, cross-culturally adapt, then test the measurement properties (structural validity, reliability and construct validity) of a questionnaire (Presence and Impact of Pain in Kids (PIP-Kids) questionnaire) to measure the presence and impact of pain in children and adolescents.

Design: Measurement properties study.

Methods: We conducted a measurement properties study. We translated and culturally adapted the PIP-Kids questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese. The structural validity was measured by Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Reliability was measured by Kappa Coefficient. Measurement error was measured by the percentage of agreement. Construct validity was measured by Spearman Correlation.

Results/findings: We included 656 children and adolescents from public and private schools. During the translation and cross-cultural adaptation no changes to wording were necessary. Structural validity confirmed two domains. Reliability by Kappa Coefficient ranges from 0.20 to 0.68. Measurement error by the percentage of agreement ranged from 60.2 to 92%. Construct validity was confirmed with 80.5% in accordance with prior hypotheses.

Conclusion: The PIP-Kids questionnaire translation and cross-cultural adaptation were adequate. The PIP-Kids questionnaire also has adequate structural validity with two dimensions (presence and impact), fair reliability, good agreement, and adequate construct validity.

Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Musculoskeletal pain; Psychometrics; Validation study.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Brazil
Child
Cross-Cultural Comparison*
Humans
Musculoskeletal Pain* / diagnosis
Portugal
Reproducibility of Results
Surveys and Questionnaires