Trends in the Prevalence of Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy Among Patients With in-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, hemochromatosis and scleroderma are the most forms of infiltrative/nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) associated with sudden cardiac death. In patients who undergo in-hospital cardiac arrest, a high index of suspicion is required to rule out NICM as an underlying contributor. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of NICM among patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest and identify factors associated with increased mortality. We analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample, and identified patients who were hospitalized across 10 years from 2010 to 2019 with a diagnosis of cardiac arrest and NICM. The total number of patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest was 19,34,260. The total number with NICM was 14,803 (0.77%). Mean age was 63 years. Overall prevalence of NICM across the years ranged between 0.75% to 0.9%, with a significant temporal increase (P < 0.01). Incidence of in-hospital mortality ranged between 61% to 76% for females and 30% to 38% for males. The following comorbidities were more prevalent in patients with NICM than those without: heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic kidney disease, anemia, malignancy, coagulopathy, ventricular tachycardia, acute kidney injury and stroke. The following factors were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality-age, female gender, Hispanic race, history of COPD and presence of malignancy (P = 0.042). The prevalence of infiltrative cardiomyopathy in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest is increasing. Females, older patients and Hispanic population are at an increased risk of mortality. Sex and race-based disparities in the prevalence of NICM in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest is an area of further research.