Recurrent thromboembolism due to direct oral anticoagulation interruption postpericardial window for a hemopericardium

Future Cardiol. 2023 Mar;19(3):143-147. doi: 10.2217/fca-2022-0052. Epub 2023 May 24.

Abstract

We present a female patient with a history of systolic heart failure with an ejection fraction of 25-30%, and unprovoked pulmonary embolism on extended anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban who underwent a pericardial window for cardiac tamponade due to hemopericardium in the setting of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC). The rivaroxaban was held following the pericardial window, and she experienced another episode of pulmonary embolism before the rivaroxaban could be restarted. Currently, there are no guidelines on when to restart anticoagulation postpericardial window for DOAC-associated hemopericardium. Studies are needed to help solve this dilemma.

Keywords: anticoagulation; hemopericardium; pulmonary embolism; tamponade.

Plain language summary

We present a female patient with a history of systolic heart failure which means their left ventricle was unable to pump blood efficiently. They also have a history of an unprovoked disruption in the flow of blood in the pulmonary arteries or its branches, known as a pulmonary embolism. The patient was on direct oral anticoagulation medication to thin their blood, promoting efficient blood flow and minimizing the risk of clots and blockages. While on this medication, the patient developed a significant collection of blood around the heart, so the medication was withheld and the blood collection was drained. She developed another episode of pulmonary embolism before the medication could be restarted. Healthcare providers need guidance on when to restart anticoagulation medications in these types of patients.

MeSH terms

  • Anticoagulants / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Pericardial Effusion* / diagnosis
  • Pericardial Effusion* / etiology
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / complications
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / drug therapy
  • Rivaroxaban / adverse effects
  • Thromboembolism*
  • Venous Thromboembolism*

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Rivaroxaban