The research progress of SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors from 2020 to 2022

Eur J Med Chem. 2023 Sep 5:257:115491. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115491. Epub 2023 May 22.

Abstract

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a central role in viral replication and transcription and represents an attractive drug target for fighting COVID-19. Many SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors have been reported, including covalent and noncovalent inhibitors. The SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor PF-07321332 (Nirmatrelvir) designed by Pfizer has been put on the market. This paper briefly introduces the structural characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and summarizes the research progress of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors from the aspects of drug repurposing and drug design. These information will provide a basis for the drug development of treating the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and even other coronaviruses in the future.

Keywords: COVID-19; Drug design; Drug repurposing; M(pro) inhibitors; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Protease Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protease Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / chemistry

Substances

  • 3C-like proteinase, SARS-CoV-2
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins