A case report of early diagnosis of asymptomatic hairy cell leukemia using flow cytometry

Front Immunol. 2023 May 22:14:1207443. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207443. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Hairy Cell Leukemia is an infrequent leukemia that can be recognized both microscopically and flow cytometrically once the patient develops symptoms. We present a case where early diagnosis was achieved using flow cytometry long before the patient became symptomatic. This was achieved by focusing on a small percentage (0.9%) of total leukocytes that exhibited a higher side scatter and brighter CD19/CD20 than the remaining lymphocytes. A bone marrow aspirate three weeks later confirmed the presence of malignant B-cells. Shortly after, the patient presented splenomegaly and complained of fatigue.

Keywords: B-cell; flow-cytometry; hairy cell leukemia; immunophenotyping; oncology.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, CD19
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Humans
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell* / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell* / pathology

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, CD19